In the machine industry, a shock absorber is a device designed to reduce the impact of shocks and vibrations caused by sudden stops, starts, or changes in direction. The shock absorber typically consists of a piston and a cylinder filled with a hydraulic fluid. When a shock or vibration occurs, the piston moves in the cylinder and compresses the hydraulic fluid, which absorbs the kinetic energy of the shock.
The hydraulic fluid is forced through small orifices in the piston, which creates a damping effect and slows down the motion of the piston. This damping effect helps to reduce the amplitude and frequency of the vibration, which in turn helps to reduce the stress and wear on the machine and its components.